ʻIke kumu o nā pale LCD: Nā ʻano a me nā ʻokoʻa i wehewehe ʻia

I ke ola o kēlā me kēia lā a me ka hana, ʻike pinepine mākou i nā ʻano hōʻikeʻike kristal wai (LCD). Inā paha ma nā kelepona paʻalima, nā kīwī, nā mīkini liʻiliʻi, nā mīkini helu, a i ʻole nā ​​​​thermostat air conditioner, ua hoʻohana nui ʻia ka ʻenehana LCD ma nā ʻano like ʻole. Me nā ʻano pale he nui i loaʻa, hiki ke paʻakikī ke hoʻokaʻawale ma waena o lākou. Ma ke ʻano laulā, akā naʻe, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia lākou i kekahi mau ʻano nui, e like me nā LCD code segment, nā pale dot matrix, TFT LCD, OLED, LED, IPS, a me nā mea hou aku. Ma lalo nei, e hoʻolauna pōkole mākou i kekahi o nā ʻano nui.
LCD Code ʻĀpana

Ua hoʻomohala mua ʻia nā LCD code segment ma Iapana a ua hoʻolauna ʻia i Kina i nā makahiki 1980. Ua hoʻohana nui ʻia lākou e pani i nā paipu kikohoʻe LED (i haku ʻia me 7 mau ʻāpana e hōʻike i nā helu 0-9) a loaʻa pinepine ʻia i nā mea hana e like me nā mīkini helu a me nā uaki. He maʻalahi ko lākou ʻike hōʻike. Ua kapa ʻia hoʻi lākou he mau LCD ʻano segment, LCD liʻiliʻi, pale 8-huaʻōlelo, a i ʻole LCD ʻano pattern.

Pale Matrix Dot

Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā pale matrix kiko i nā ʻano matrix kiko LCD a me nā matrix kiko LED. I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, aia lākou i kahi grid o nā kiko (pixels) i hoʻonohonoho ʻia i loko o kahi matrix e hana i kahi hōʻike. No ka laʻana, ʻo kahi pale LCD 12864 maʻamau e pili ana i kahi module hōʻike me 128 mau kiko ākea a me 64 mau kiko kū.

LCD TFT

He ʻano LCD ka TFT a lawelawe ia ma ke ʻano he kumu o ka ʻenehana hōʻike kristal wai hou. Ua hoʻohana ka nui o nā kelepona paʻalima mua i kēia ʻano pale, kahi e hāʻule pū ana ma lalo o ka māhele dot matrix a hoʻokūpaʻa i ka hana pixel a me ke kala. ʻO ka hohonu o ke kala kahi metric koʻikoʻi no ka loiloi ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka hōʻike, me nā kūlana maʻamau e pili ana i 256 mau kala, 4096 mau kala, 64K (65,536) mau kala, a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe e like me 260K mau kala. Hoʻokaʻawale pinepine ʻia ka ʻike hōʻike i ʻekolu mau māhele: kikokikona maʻalahi, nā kiʻi maʻalahi (e like me nā kiʻi a i ʻole nā ​​​​kiʻi cartoon), a me nā kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi. ʻO nā mea hoʻohana me nā koi kiʻekiʻe no ka maikaʻi o ke kiʻi e koho pinepine i ka hohonu kala 64K a ʻoi aku paha.

Pale LED

He maʻalahi loa nā pale LED—aia lākou i kahi nui o nā kukui LED e hana ana i kahi panela hōʻike, i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i nā papa hoʻolaha waho a me nā hōʻike ʻike.

ʻOLED

Hoʻohana nā pale OLED i ka ʻenehana pixel hoʻopuka ponoʻī e hana i nā kiʻi. Ma ke ʻano o nā loina kukui, ʻoi aku ka holomua o ka OLED ma mua o ka LCD. Eia kekahi, hiki ke hana ʻia nā pale OLED i lahilahi, kahi e kōkua ai i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka mānoanoa holoʻokoʻa o nā hāmeʻa.

Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale nui ʻia nā hōʻikeʻike kristal wai i ʻelua mau māhele nui: LCD a me OLED. ʻOkoʻa loa kēia mau ʻano ʻelua i kā lākou mau ʻano kukui: hilinaʻi nā LCD i ka backlighting waho, ʻoiai ʻo OLED e hoʻopuka ponoʻī. Ma muli o nā ʻano ʻenehana o kēia manawa, e hoʻomau nā ʻano ʻelua e noho pū ana e hoʻokō i nā pono o ka mea hoʻohana like ʻole no ka hana kala a me nā hiʻohiʻona noi.